Protective Effect of Methanolic Leaf Extract of Caesalpinia Bonduc (L.) on Gentamicin-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity in Rats

The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of methanolic leaf extract of Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) on gentamicin-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats . A control group (saline, group I, n = 6) was compared with rats administrated 80 mg/kg gentamicin, once daily for 7 days (groups II, III and IV). The effect of methanolic leaf extract of Caesalpinia bonduc (group III and IV) at a dose level of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg was compared in gentamicin-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. The activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), triglyceride (TG), bilirubin, and total protein the values of urea, sodium, potassium and chloride were significantly increased in rats exposed to gentamicin. Moreover, administration of gentamicin resulted in damage to liver and kidney structures. Administration of methanolic extract of C.bonduc before gentamicin exposure prevented severe alterations of biochemical parameters and disruptions of liver and kidney structures. In conclusion, this study obviously demonstrated that pretreatment with methanolic extract of C.bonduc significantly attenuated the physiological and histopathological alterations induced by gentamicin. Also, the present study identifies new areas of research for development of better therapeutic agents for liver, kidney, and other organs dysfunctions and diseases.